{"id":1595,"date":"2020-12-02T23:02:24","date_gmt":"2020-12-03T04:02:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dev.leonardopavanatto.com\/3di\/?p=1595"},"modified":"2021-09-09T10:36:36","modified_gmt":"2021-09-09T15:36:36","slug":"ar-virtual-monitors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/2020\/12\/02\/ar-virtual-monitors\/","title":{"rendered":"AR Virtual Monitors: Do we still need physical monitors?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2020\/12\/conditions-714x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1600\" width=\"241\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2020\/12\/conditions-714x1024.png 714w, https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2020\/12\/conditions-209x300.png 209w, https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2020\/12\/conditions-768x1101.png 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2020\/12\/conditions-1072x1536.png 1072w, https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2020\/12\/conditions.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 241px) 100vw, 241px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The value of multiple, large displays is well established for physical monitors. High-resolution displays with wide aspect ratios can fit large quantities of content side-by-side, allowing users to manage and visualize multiple windows at the same time. These capabilities are essential for productivity tasks. However, the adoption of these devices is not without a cost. Physical monitors require space, lack flexibility, and can become expensive and less portable in large setups. For instance, a student in a classroom or a passenger on a train is unable to use large display setups and is limited to a small laptop display. Moreover, the rising trend towards working from home, which was accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic, requires us to explore more flexible approaches that provide novel capabilities to workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We explore the effects of replacing or expanding physical monitors with virtual monitors for productivity tasks. Virtual monitors should be able to minimize those problems, but may be subject to technological limitations such as lower resolution and field of view. We conducted a user study that compared physical monitors, virtual monitors, and a hybrid combination of both in terms of performance, accuracy, comfort, focus, preference, and confidence. Results show that virtual monitors are a feasible approach for performing serious productivity work, albeit currently constrained by technical limitations that lead to inferior usability and performance compared to physical monitors. We also discovered that, with current technology, the hybrid condition was a better trade-off between the familiarity and trustworthiness of physical monitors and the extra space provided by virtual monitors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Do we still need physical monitors?  - IEEE VR 2021 Paper Teaser\" width=\"1778\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uOvOZUbnghQ?modestbranding=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"teachpress_pub_list\"><form name=\"tppublistform\" method=\"get\"><a name=\"tppubs\" id=\"tppubs\"><\/a><\/form><div class=\"teachpress_publication_list\"><h3 class=\"tp_h3\" id=\"tp_h3_conference\">Conferences<\/h3><div class=\"tp_publication tp_publication_conference\"><div class=\"tp_pub_info\"><p class=\"tp_pub_author\">Leonardo Pavanatto<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_title\">Designing Augmented Reality Virtual Displays for Productivity Work <span class=\"tp_pub_type tp_  conference\">Conference<\/span> <\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_additional\"><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_booktitle\">Doctoral consortium of the IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_publisher\">IEEE, <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_year\">2021<\/span>.<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_menu\"><span class=\"tp_bibtex_link\"><a id=\"tp_bibtex_sh_189\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('189','tp_bibtex')\" title=\"Show BibTeX entry\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">BibTeX<\/a><\/span><\/p><div class=\"tp_bibtex\" id=\"tp_bibtex_189\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_bibtex_entry\"><pre>@conference{pavanatto_dc_2021,<br \/>\r\ntitle = {Designing Augmented Reality Virtual Displays for Productivity Work},<br \/>\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Pavanatto},<br \/>\r\nyear  = {2021},<br \/>\r\ndate = {2021-10-04},<br \/>\r\nbooktitle = {Doctoral consortium of the IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)},<br \/>\r\npages = {2},<br \/>\r\npublisher = {IEEE},<br \/>\r\nkeywords = {},<br \/>\r\npubstate = {published},<br \/>\r\ntppubtype = {conference}<br \/>\r\n}<br \/>\r\n<\/pre><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('189','tp_bibtex')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tp_publication tp_publication_conference\"><div class=\"tp_pub_info\"><p class=\"tp_pub_author\">Leonardo Pavanatto; Chris North; Doug A Bowman; Carmen Badea; Richard Stoakley<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_title\"><a class=\"tp_title_link\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('187','tp_links')\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Do we still need physical monitors? An evaluation of the usability of AR virtual monitors for productivity work<\/a> <span class=\"tp_pub_type tp_  conference\">Conference<\/span> <\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_additional\"><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_booktitle\">2021 IEEE Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR), <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_organization\">IEEE <\/span><span class=\"tp_pub_additional_year\">2021<\/span>.<\/p><p class=\"tp_pub_menu\"><span class=\"tp_resource_link\"><a id=\"tp_links_sh_187\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('187','tp_links')\" title=\"Show links and resources\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">Links<\/a><\/span> | <span class=\"tp_bibtex_link\"><a id=\"tp_bibtex_sh_187\" class=\"tp_show\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('187','tp_bibtex')\" title=\"Show BibTeX entry\" style=\"cursor:pointer;\">BibTeX<\/a><\/span><\/p><div class=\"tp_bibtex\" id=\"tp_bibtex_187\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_bibtex_entry\"><pre>@conference{pavanatto2021we,<br \/>\r\ntitle = {Do we still need physical monitors? An evaluation of the usability of AR virtual monitors for productivity work},<br \/>\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Pavanatto and Chris North and Doug A Bowman and Carmen Badea and Richard Stoakley},<br \/>\r\ndoi = {https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VR50410.2021.00103},<br \/>\r\nyear  = {2021},<br \/>\r\ndate = {2021-01-01},<br \/>\r\nbooktitle = {2021 IEEE Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)},<br \/>\r\npages = {759--767},<br \/>\r\norganization = {IEEE},<br \/>\r\nkeywords = {},<br \/>\r\npubstate = {published},<br \/>\r\ntppubtype = {conference}<br \/>\r\n}<br \/>\r\n<\/pre><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('187','tp_bibtex')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"tp_links\" id=\"tp_links_187\" style=\"display:none;\"><div class=\"tp_links_entry\"><ul class=\"tp_pub_list\"><li><i class=\"ai ai-doi\"><\/i><a class=\"tp_pub_list\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VR50410.2021.00103\" title=\"Follow DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VR50410.2021.00103\" target=\"_blank\">doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VR50410.2021.00103<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p class=\"tp_close_menu\"><a class=\"tp_close\" onclick=\"teachpress_pub_showhide('187','tp_links')\">Close<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div style=\"clear:both\"><\/div>\r\n<h2>Sponsor<\/h2>\r\n<div class=\"sponsor\">\r\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/themes\/3disensational\/images\/sponsors\/msr.png\" \/><\/a>\r\n<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The value of multiple, large displays is well established for physical monitors. High-resolution displays with wide aspect ratios can fit large quantities of content side-by-side, allowing users to manage and visualize multiple windows at the same time. These capabilities are essential for productivity tasks. However, the adoption of these devices is not without a cost. <a href=\"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/2020\/12\/02\/ar-virtual-monitors\/\" class=\"more-link\">&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":275,"featured_media":1598,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[27,61,77],"ppma_author":[405,402,391,403,404],"class_list":["post-1595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-projects","tag-augmented-reality","tag-productivity","tag-virtual-monitors"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2020\/12\/extra_train.png","authors":[{"term_id":405,"user_id":275,"is_guest":0,"slug":"lpavanat","display_name":"Leonardo Pavanatto","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2022\/08\/IMG_3685-e1661180633969.png","url2x":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2022\/08\/IMG_3685-e1661180633969.png"},"author_category":"","user_url":"http:\/\/leonardopavanatto.com","last_name":"Pavanatto","first_name":"Leonardo","job_title":"","description":"<p>I\u2019m a Ph.D. Candidate in <strong>Computer Science and Applications at Virginia Tech<\/strong>, a member of the 3D Interaction Group and of the Center for Human-Computer Interaction. My work is advised by Dr. Doug Bowman. I am also a Master of Computer Science and Bachelor of Computer Engineering, both degrees obtained at <strong>PUCRS<\/strong>, with terms abroad at Illinois Tech and Virginia Tech. I have further been an intern at <strong>Duke University<\/strong>, <strong>Microsoft Research<\/strong>, and <strong>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>My expertise area is Virtual and Augmented Reality within the scope of 3D User Interfaces. Some specific research interests include how to use augmented reality for improving productivity on real-world tasks (such as working with virtual monitors and how to design cross-device interaction), and how to enhance the process of content creation through immersive technologies (such as architecture design and visualization).<\/p>"},{"term_id":402,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"chris-north","display_name":"Chris North","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","job_title":"","description":""},{"term_id":391,"user_id":331,"is_guest":0,"slug":"dbowman","display_name":"Doug Bowman","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2021\/01\/professional_photo2_2019-cropped-square-smaller-scaled.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/141\/2021\/01\/professional_photo2_2019-cropped-square-smaller-scaled.jpg"},"author_category":"1","user_url":"","last_name":"Bowman","first_name":"Doug","job_title":"","description":"Doug A. Bowman is the Frank J. Maher Professor of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cs.vt.edu\">Computer Science<\/a> at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vt.edu\">Virginia Tech<\/a>. He is the principal investigator of the <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/\">3D Interaction Group<\/a>, focusing on the topics of three-dimensional user interfaces, VR\/AR user experience, and the benefits of immersion in virtual environments.\r\n\r\nDr. Bowman is one of the co-authors of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pearson.com\/us\/higher-education\/program\/La-Viola-3-D-User-Interfaces-Theory-and-Practice-2nd-Edition\/PGM101825.html\">3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice<\/a>. He has served in many roles for the <a href=\"http:\/\/ieeevr.org\">IEEE Virtual Reality Conference<\/a>, including program chair, general chair, and steering committee chair. He also co-founded the IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (now part of IEEE VR). He received a CAREER award from the National Science Foundation for his work on 3D Interaction, and has been named an ACM Distinguished Scientist. He received the Technical Achievement award from the IEEE Visualization and Graphics Technical Committee in 2014 and the Career Impact Award from IEEE ISMAR in 2021.\r\n\r\nHis undergraduate degree in mathematics and computer science is from Emory University, and he received his M.S. and Ph.D. in computer science from the Georgia Institute of Technology.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/people.cs.vt.edu\/~bowman\/cv.pdf\">Curriculum vitae (PDF)<\/a>"},{"term_id":403,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"carmen-badea","display_name":"Carmen Badea","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","job_title":"","description":""},{"term_id":404,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"richard-stoakley","display_name":"Richard Stoakley","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1595","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/275"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1595"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1595\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2799,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1595\/revisions\/2799"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1595"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.cs.vt.edu\/3digroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=1595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}